Dubuque County vs. Iowa
Comparative Trends Analysis:
Per Capita Personal Income Growth and Change, 1969-2022
Introduction
Dubuque County vs. Iowa
Dubuque County:
2022 PCI = $60,090
2022 Percent of State = 99.78%
Iowa:
2022 PCI = $60,222
Per Capita Income (PCI) is one of the most widely used indicators for gauging the economic performance and changing fortunes of local economies. It is used as a yardstick to assess the economic well being of a region's residents and the quality of consumer markets. It serves as a barometer for calibrating the economic performance of a region over time and to judge differences in relative economic prosperity between regions. Shifting trends in local per capita income growth have important social and political ramifications and significant implications in formulating local economic development strategies and initiatives.
Data Definition:
This measure of income is calculated as the total personal income of the residents of an area divided by the population of the area. Per capita personal income is often used as an indicator of consumers' purchasing power and of the economic well-being of the residents of an area.
Personal income is measured as a flow throughout the year, while the measurement of population is at one point in mid-year. Therefore, per capita income is distorted if a significant change in population occurs during the year.
For smaller counties in particular, per capita income in any given year may be exceptionally high or low for the short run because of unusual local conditions, such as a bumper crop, a catastrophe, or a major construction project as the building of a dam or nuclear power plant.
Farm incomes are notorious for being especially volatile year-to-year, owing to changing weather, commodity market conditions, and alterations in government programs. Therefore, the per capita income of farm-dependent counties may exhibit sharp fluctuations over time.
The presence of large institutional populations--such as residents attending a local college or the residents of a local prison or state mental institution--can significantly lower the per capita income estimates of an area. Such results may not reflect the relative economic well being of the non-institutional population and may mislead if care is not given to their interpretation.
Dubuque County Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
Dubuque County Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
Figure 1.
Figure 1 depicts Dubuque County's annual per capita personal income over 1970-2022 in current and constant (2017) dollars. Constant dollar measurements remove the effects of inflation. They allow for comparison of changes in the real purchasing power of Dubuque County over time.
When measured in current dollars, Dubuque County's per capita personal income increased 1,515.09%, from $3,721 in 1970 to $60,090 in 2022. When measured in constant 2017 dollars to adjust for inflation, it advanced 175.10%, from $18,823 in 1970 to $51,782 in 2022.
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Figure 2.
Figure 2 tracks Dubuque County's and Iowa's annual real per capita personal income for the period 1969-2022 to illustrate real per capita personal income patterns over time. During this 54-year period, Dubuque County's real per capita personal income rose from $18,049 in 1969 to $51,782 in 2022, for a net gain of $33,733, or 186.90%. In comparison, Iowa's real per capita personal income advanced from $19,586 in 1969 to $51,897 in 2022, for a net advance of $32,311, or 164.97%.
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Figure 3.
Figure 3 portrays Dubuque County's real per capita personal income growth in a broader context by offering direct comparisons across time with Iowa, the United States. The growth indices shown here express each region's real per capita personal income in 1969 as a base figure of 100, and the real per capita personal incomes in later years as a percentage of the 1969 base figure. This method allows for more direct comparison of differences in real per capita personal income growth between regions that may differ vastly in size.
Dubuque County's overall real per capita personal income growth was 186.90% over 1969-2022 outpaced Iowa's increase of 164.97%, and topped the United States' increase of 171.04%.
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Figure 4.
Figure 4 depicts the trends for per capita personal income relative to the national average by tracing Dubuque County and Iowa per capita personal income as a percent of the national average over 1969-2022.
In 1969, Dubuque County's per capita personal income amounted to 86.71% of the national average; in 2022, it approximated 91.78%. Similarly, in 1969, Iowa's per capita personal income totaled 94.09% of the national average; in 2022, it consisted of 91.98%.
Dubuque County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Dubuque County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Figure 5.
Figure 5 displays the short-run pattern of Dubuque County's real per capita personal income growth by tracking the year-to-year percent change over 1970-2022. The average annual percent change for the entire 53-year period is also traced on this chart to provide a benchmark for gauging periods of relative high--and relative low--growth against the backdrop of the long-term average.
On average, Dubuque County's real per capita personal income grew at an annual rate of 2.05% over 1970-2022. The county recorded its highest growth in 1984 (9.08%) and recorded its lowest growth in 1980 (-4.48%). In 2022, Dubuque County's real per capita personal income declined by -2.73%
Dubuque County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Dubuque County Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Figure 6.
Over the past five decades some counties have experienced extreme swings in growth, and often such swings have tended to coincide with the decades themselves. Figure 6 again shows the annual percent change in Dubuque County's real per capita personal income since 1970, but this time they are displayed with average growth rates for the decade of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020-2022.
During the 1970s, Dubuque County's annual real per capita personal income growth rate averaged 3.18%. It averaged 1.48% during the 1980s, 2.06% in the 1990s, 1.49% in the 2000s, 1.81% throughout the 2010s, 2.75% thus far this decade (2020-2022).
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Figure 7.
Figure 7 compares the decade average growth rates for Dubuque County noted in the previous graph with the corresponding decade averages for Iowa and the nation. As the chart reveals, Dubuque County's average annual real per capita personal income growth topped Iowa's average in the 1970s (3.18% vs. 2.88%), outperformed Iowa's average during the 1980s (1.48% vs. 1.39%), led Iowa's average throughout the 1990s (2.06% vs. 2.03%), lagged Iowa's average throughout the 2000s (1.49% vs. 1.64%), led Iowa's average throughout the 2010s (1.81% vs. 1.38%), and surpassed Iowa's average over the 3 year period of the current decade, 2020-2022 (2.75% vs. 2.72%).
Finally, relative to nationwide real per capita personal income growth trends, Dubuque County topped the nation over the 1970s (3.18% vs. 2.37%), posted below the nation during the 1980s (1.48% vs. 2.19%), outperformed the nation during the 1990s (2.06% vs. 2.01%), recorded above the nation during the 2000s (1.49% vs. 1.10%), fell under the nation in the 2010s (1.81% vs. 1.97%), and exceeded the nation over 2020-2022 (2.75% vs. 1.78%).
   
 
Real* Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change
 
 
 
2.05
3.18
1.48
2.06
1.49
1.81
2.75
-2.73
 
1.91
2.88
1.39
2.03
1.64
1.38
2.72
-2.55
 
1.92
2.37
2.19
2.01
1.10
1.97
1.78
-4.55
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Dubuque County:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,408
0.189
18,049
100.0
N
92.15
86.71
1970
 
3,721
0.198
18,823
104.3
4.29
94.85
88.63
1971
 
3,915
0.206
18,999
105.3
0.93
95.90
87.56
1972
 
4,260
0.213
19,995
110.8
5.24
93.46
87.72
1973
 
4,772
0.225
21,254
117.8
6.30
87.31
88.99
1974
 
5,299
0.248
21,372
118.4
0.56
93.66
90.80
1975
 
5,774
0.269
21,495
119.1
0.58
91.74
91.30
1976
 
6,223
0.283
21,966
121.7
2.19
93.73
90.52
1977
 
7,135
0.302
23,644
131.0
7.64
97.74
94.94
1978
 
7,982
0.323
24,730
137.0
4.59
94.95
95.52
1979
 
8,646
0.351
24,603
136.3
-0.51
95.89
93.65
1980
 
9,148
0.389
23,500
130.2
-4.48
95.17
89.83
1981
 
10,124
0.424
23,870
132.3
1.57
92.92
89.67
1982
 
10,381
0.448
23,187
128.5
-2.86
92.13
86.58
1983
 
10,878
0.467
23,306
129.1
0.51
94.12
85.65
1984
 
12,314
0.484
25,421
140.8
9.08
95.35
88.66
1985
 
12,842
0.501
25,618
141.9
0.78
95.10
87.09
1986
 
13,328
0.512
26,022
144.2
1.58
94.27
86.09
1987
 
14,468
0.528
27,400
151.8
5.30
97.11
89.16
1988
 
14,917
0.549
27,189
150.6
-0.77
96.65
85.53
1989
 
16,207
0.573
28,304
156.8
4.10
96.56
86.87
1990
 
16,966
0.598
28,383
157.3
0.28
96.25
86.48
1991
 
17,433
0.618
28,220
156.4
-0.57
97.13
86.95
1992
 
18,727
0.634
29,529
163.6
4.64
98.17
88.85
1993
 
19,192
0.650
29,526
163.6
-0.01
100.82
88.39
1994
 
20,492
0.664
30,882
171.1
4.59
99.20
90.87
1995
 
21,598
0.678
31,877
176.6
3.22
101.10
91.60
1996
 
22,479
0.692
32,483
180.0
1.90
97.03
90.92
1997
 
23,327
0.704
33,132
183.6
2.00
96.47
89.98
1998
 
24,825
0.710
34,981
193.8
5.58
98.52
90.30
1999
 
24,923
0.720
34,615
191.8
-1.04
96.96
87.17
2000
 
26,297
0.738
35,622
197.4
2.91
96.18
86.08
2001
 
26,929
0.753
35,762
198.1
0.39
95.68
85.36
2002
 
27,558
0.763
36,122
200.1
1.01
95.67
86.66
2003
 
28,137
0.779
36,122
200.1
0.00
95.89
86.15
2004
 
28,980
0.798
36,304
201.1
0.50
91.67
84.78
2005
 
29,910
0.821
36,419
201.8
0.32
92.28
83.85
2006
 
32,443
0.844
38,421
212.9
5.50
94.87
85.73
2007
 
35,013
0.866
40,427
224.0
5.22
96.28
88.44
2008
 
36,497
0.892
40,929
226.8
1.24
94.82
89.33
2009
 
35,586
0.889
40,020
221.7
-2.22
95.54
90.53
2010
 
36,918
0.905
40,788
226.0
1.92
96.67
91.03
2011
 
39,085
0.928
42,115
233.3
3.25
95.61
91.64
2012
 
40,732
0.945
43,087
238.7
2.31
95.75
92.08
2013
 
40,830
0.958
42,628
236.2
-1.06
94.93
91.96
2014
 
42,250
0.971
43,502
241.0
2.05
95.75
91.28
2015
 
43,741
0.973
44,955
249.1
3.34
96.25
91.01
2016
 
44,561
0.983
45,339
251.2
0.85
97.57
90.99
2017
 
45,674
1.000
45,674
253.1
0.74
97.66
89.55
2018
 
48,446
1.020
47,474
263.0
3.94
99.33
90.88
2019
 
49,521
1.035
47,840
265.1
0.77
99.71
89.15
2020
 
52,804
1.046
50,465
279.6
5.49
100.42
89.27
2021
 
58,027
1.090
53,235
294.9
5.49
99.96
90.06
2022
 
60,090
1.160
51,782
286.9
-2.73
99.78
91.78
Source: Calculations by the Iowa Regional Economic Analysis Project (IA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Iowa:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,698
0.189
19,586
100.0
N
94.09
1970
 
3,923
0.198
19,845
101.3
1.32
93.44
1971
 
4,082
0.206
19,811
101.2
-0.17
91.31
1972
 
4,559
0.213
21,394
109.2
7.99
93.86
1973
 
5,466
0.225
24,342
124.3
13.78
101.92
1974
 
5,657
0.248
22,818
116.5
-6.26
96.95
1975
 
6,293
0.269
23,430
119.6
2.68
99.52
1976
 
6,640
0.283
23,435
119.7
0.02
96.58
1977
 
7,300
0.302
24,192
123.5
3.23
97.14
1978
 
8,406
0.323
26,044
133.0
7.65
100.60
1979
 
9,017
0.351
25,657
131.0
-1.49
97.66
1980
 
9,612
0.389
24,692
126.1
-3.76
94.39
1981
 
10,895
0.424
25,688
131.2
4.03
96.49
1982
 
11,268
0.448
25,169
128.5
-2.02
93.98
1983
 
11,557
0.467
24,761
126.4
-1.62
91.00
1984
 
12,914
0.484
26,660
136.1
7.67
92.98
1985
 
13,504
0.501
26,939
137.5
1.05
91.58
1986
 
14,139
0.512
27,604
140.9
2.47
91.32
1987
 
14,899
0.528
28,216
144.1
2.22
91.81
1988
 
15,434
0.549
28,130
143.6
-0.30
88.49
1989
 
16,785
0.573
29,313
149.7
4.20
89.96
1990
 
17,627
0.598
29,488
150.6
0.60
89.85
1991
 
17,948
0.618
29,054
148.3
-1.47
89.51
1992
 
19,076
0.634
30,079
153.6
3.53
90.51
1993
 
19,036
0.650
29,287
149.5
-2.63
87.67
1994
 
20,657
0.664
31,131
158.9
6.30
91.60
1995
 
21,363
0.678
31,531
161.0
1.28
90.61
1996
 
23,168
0.692
33,479
170.9
6.18
93.70
1997
 
24,180
0.704
34,344
175.3
2.58
93.27
1998
 
25,198
0.710
35,507
181.3
3.39
91.65
1999
 
25,705
0.720
35,701
182.3
0.55
89.90
2000
 
27,341
0.738
37,036
189.1
3.74
89.49
2001
 
28,145
0.753
37,376
190.8
0.92
89.21
2002
 
28,804
0.763
37,756
192.8
1.02
90.58
2003
 
29,344
0.779
37,672
192.3
-0.22
89.85
2004
 
31,615
0.798
39,604
202.2
5.13
92.49
2005
 
32,411
0.821
39,464
201.5
-0.35
90.86
2006
 
34,197
0.844
40,499
206.8
2.62
90.37
2007
 
36,366
0.866
41,990
214.4
3.68
91.86
2008
 
38,490
0.892
43,164
220.4
2.80
94.21
2009
 
37,246
0.889
41,887
213.9
-2.96
94.76
2010
 
38,190
0.905
42,193
215.4
0.73
94.16
2011
 
40,880
0.928
44,050
224.9
4.40
95.85
2012
 
42,541
0.945
45,001
229.8
2.16
96.17
2013
 
43,012
0.958
44,907
229.3
-0.21
96.87
2014
 
44,123
0.971
45,431
232.0
1.17
95.32
2015
 
45,445
0.973
46,707
238.5
2.81
94.56
2016
 
45,672
0.983
46,469
237.3
-0.51
93.26
2017
 
46,769
1.000
46,769
238.8
0.64
91.70
2018
 
48,775
1.020
47,796
244.0
2.20
91.49
2019
 
49,663
1.035
47,978
245.0
0.38
89.41
2020
 
52,586
1.046
50,256
256.6
4.75
88.90
2021
 
58,049
1.090
53,255
271.9
5.97
90.10
2022
 
60,222
1.160
51,897
265.0
-2.55
91.98
Source: Calculations by the Iowa Regional Economic Analysis Project (IA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
United States:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,931
0.189
20,816
100.0
N
1970
 
4,198
0.198
21,238
102.0
2.03
1971
 
4,471
0.206
21,697
104.2
2.16
1972
 
4,857
0.213
22,793
109.5
5.05
1973
 
5,363
0.225
23,883
114.7
4.78
1974
 
5,836
0.248
23,537
113.1
-1.45
1975
 
6,324
0.269
23,544
113.1
0.03
1976
 
6,875
0.283
24,265
116.6
3.07
1977
 
7,516
0.302
24,906
119.6
2.64
1978
 
8,356
0.323
25,889
124.4
3.95
1979
 
9,232
0.351
26,271
126.2
1.47
1980
 
10,184
0.389
26,160
125.7
-0.42
1981
 
11,291
0.424
26,621
127.9
1.76
1982
 
11,990
0.448
26,781
128.7
0.60
1983
 
12,701
0.467
27,210
130.7
1.61
1984
 
13,889
0.484
28,674
137.7
5.38
1985
 
14,746
0.501
29,417
141.3
2.59
1986
 
15,482
0.512
30,227
145.2
2.75
1987
 
16,228
0.528
30,733
147.6
1.67
1988
 
17,442
0.549
31,790
152.7
3.44
1989
 
18,658
0.573
32,584
156.5
2.50
1990
 
19,619
0.598
32,821
157.7
0.73
1991
 
20,050
0.618
32,457
155.9
-1.11
1992
 
21,077
0.634
33,234
159.7
2.39
1993
 
21,713
0.650
33,405
160.5
0.51
1994
 
22,552
0.664
33,986
163.3
1.74
1995
 
23,577
0.678
34,798
167.2
2.39
1996
 
24,725
0.692
35,729
171.6
2.67
1997
 
25,925
0.704
36,822
176.9
3.06
1998
 
27,493
0.710
38,740
186.1
5.21
1999
 
28,592
0.720
39,711
190.8
2.51
2000
 
30,551
0.738
41,384
198.8
4.21
2001
 
31,548
0.753
41,895
201.3
1.23
2002
 
31,801
0.763
41,684
200.2
-0.50
2003
 
32,659
0.779
41,928
201.4
0.59
2004
 
34,183
0.798
42,821
205.7
2.13
2005
 
35,669
0.821
43,432
208.6
1.43
2006
 
37,843
0.844
44,816
215.3
3.19
2007
 
39,588
0.866
45,710
219.6
1.99
2008
 
40,854
0.892
45,816
220.1
0.23
2009
 
39,307
0.889
44,204
212.4
-3.52
2010
 
40,557
0.905
44,808
215.3
1.36
2011
 
42,649
0.928
45,956
220.8
2.56
2012
 
44,237
0.945
46,795
224.8
1.83
2013
 
44,401
0.958
46,357
222.7
-0.94
2014
 
46,287
0.971
47,659
229.0
2.81
2015
 
48,060
0.973
49,394
237.3
3.64
2016
 
48,971
0.983
49,826
239.4
0.88
2017
 
51,004
1.000
51,004
245.0
2.36
2018
 
53,309
1.020
52,240
251.0
2.42
2019
 
55,547
1.035
53,662
257.8
2.72
2020
 
59,153
1.046
56,533
271.6
5.35
2021
 
64,430
1.090
59,110
284.0
4.56
2022
 
65,470
1.160
56,419
271.0
-4.55
Source: Calculations by the Iowa Regional Economic Analysis Project (IA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PN
 
   
Copyright © 2023. Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Analysis Project (PNREAP). All Rights Reserved.

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